please explain the unken reflex its more fun to hear you say it than google it

iguanamouth:

hello have you ever, just been, really bothering a small amphibian all over, and they decide they have had enough of itĀ 

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the unken reflex is a defensive posture that a handful of salamanders, toads and frogs do when they feel threatened, and it involves curling right up and showing off their bright underbellies ( which usually, BUT NOT ALWAYS, means the animal in question is POISONOUS and you shouldnt eat this thing !!! dont eat this !!!!! )

the above three are rough skinned newts and a california newt, but the reflex itself is named after the fire-belled toads ( whose genus is unke in german ) where it shows up a little differentlyĀ 

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(note the covered eyes ! )

while displaying, the animal in question gulps down a bunch of air, makes themselves as still as possible, and also releases toxins from their skin if they got em – but not all amphibians with the unken reflex have poison, and some of the poison ones dont have bright underbellies, and some dont curl up all the way while theyre doing it – its a mixed bag of postures. thats how it is sometimes

xĀ xĀ xĀ xĀ x

Why do sharks attack?

gentlesharks:

A lot of arguments I get from people when talking about shark conservation is: ā€œBut wait, sharks attack and kill people all the time! They’re violent!ā€ Nope. In fact, the average amount of shark attacks that happen a year is 16, with majority not even being fatal. Like all animals, sharks never attack without a reason.

Your chances of being attacked by a shark are just one in 11.5 million. It is easier to win the lottery, get struck by lightning, killed by a cow, killed by a falling coconut, or get killed by a vending machine than it is to get attacked by a shark.

Here’s a list of things that may cause a shark to check you out or attack you:

  • Bright clothing. Sharks have sensitive vision, and see colors differently than we do. Bright or colorful swimsuits can resemble a fish or some other prey. And when you’re splashing and swimming, you very much look like prey in distress, which is a quick meal for opportunistic hunters like sharks.
  • Jewelry. Shimmery jewelry like gold and silver look like scales from a big fish. A shark may get curious and check you out.
  • Splashing. Sharks have special organs in their snout calledĀ Ampullae of Lorenzini, which are small, jelly filled pores that act as electroreceptors. These organs are sensitive to movement, and can even sense splashing from miles away. Excessive splashing resembles a large fish that’s in distress, which is another easy meal.
  • Surf boards. Sharks may be sensitive to colors, but they don’t have the best sight in the animal kingdom. A human being on a surf board looks like a seal to a shark. Seals are a Great Whites favorite prey, and they will certainly check you out. Here’s an example of how this looks to sharks from below.
  • Territory. Some sharks are known to claim large areas of water and reefs. Simply swimming in these areas can agitate a shark. Be aware of where you’re swimming.
  • Smell. Sharks have a very good sense of smell. They can be attracted to the smell of blood or even the smell of a restaurant you ate in. Blood, again, resembles a fish that has been injured.
  • Curiosity. Sharks are naturally curious. They do not have hands to touch you with, they explore and check out things with their mouth. A shark may nibble your foot to check you out, not eat you.

What to do if a shark is near you or nibbles on you:

  • Stay calm. This is the best thing you could possibly do. A shark will remain calm if you do as well.
  • Move slowly or not at all.Ā Slow, gentle movements keep the shark calm. Fast, panicked movements scare the shark and provoke it, this is when a shark may attack you in self defense.
  • Don’t hit the shark. Unless the shark is full on attacking you, keep your hands off of it.

How to fend off an aggressive shark:

It’s said the best way to fend off an attacking shark is hitting it’s head with your fists. While this is one way, it’s not the most effective. Hit these areas instead

  • Eyes. Use your fingers and thumbs to pierce the eyes. The shark will immediately back off and swim away, this is a time to escape.
  • Gills. Shove your fingers into its gills. The gills are the sharks only way of breathing. The shark will back off and swim away.
  • Snout. The snout is the most concentrated area of electroreceptors. Use your fingers or fist to aggressively rub this area. This will temporarily put the shark into a state ofĀ tonic immobility.

Things to remember:

  • You are in their territory when you swim.Ā They were here first. In fact, they’ve been here for over 400 million years.
  • We kill over 11,417 sharks AN HOUR. Finning, fishing, and consumption of seafood all contribute to the killing of sharks.
  • Without sharks, the world would essentially fall apart. Sharks play one of the biggest roles in the oceans ecosystem. If they’re gone, the ocean is effected, and when the ocean is effected, we are too. Check out this video that explains how important sharks are.

How do I help?

  • Avoid the consumption of seafood. Hundreds of sharks are killed in the process of catching fish. While this isn’t intentional, it’s a big problem. Be sure to purchase fish from sellers that protect sharks.
  • Avoid ā€œscaryā€ shark movies. It is so important to educate people on the effect these movies have on shark populations.Ā 
  • Avoid cosmetic products with squalene. Squalene is a low density compound found in the liver of sharks and other cartilaginous fish.

    Recently it has become a trend for sharks to be hunted to process their livers for the purpose of making squalene health capsules. Squalene is often a common ingredient in lipsticks.

  • Research. Find shark activism groups and petitions. Participate in whatever you can.
  • Make them one of your interests! Sharks are amazing, and there’s over 400 kinds of sharks to learn about. Knowledge can encourage others to protect sharks as well.

Hi! I was wondering…how do you make sure that a heater isn’t bound to explode? I’ve heard of horror stories saying that they leak or overheat a tank and kill off the fish. That being said, do you have any recommendation for heaters?

aquariadise:

It can always happen, but there are some things you can do. Some things are a little more far-fetched but for people who keep extremely expensive fish or shrimp it’s definitely a must:

– High quality heaters. I personally love Eheim JƤger

– Get two heaters and set one to a temperature one degree below the other. If theĀ ā€œmainā€ one fails, the other one will take over and your fish won’t die from the cold.Ā 

– Use an external thermostat. I don’t have experience with this, but these are available in many places and will shut off the heater if it goes rogue.

– Place the heaters outside of the tank. For people with a drip system this is easier than for regular aquarists, but some canister filters do have room for a heater. In case of explosion, your fish will be a little safer.

I’m sure there are more things that I’m not thinking of right now. But these should definitely help! 😊

I have a baby corn snake who does not seem to understand gravity so well. While exploring about in my hands she has a tendency to not hold on at all, and as soon as she’s a bit untangled from my fingers she’ll start to slip (of course I do not let her fall, but as she’s generally skittish I don’t like to move too much while she’s exploring) is this a normal thing? I’ve heard of snakes squeezing very tightly if they’re stressed, does this just mean she’s very comfortable?

omg-snakes:

Hi there!

Yep, this is super normal. Baby snakes are naturally a little clumsy, unaware of their surroundings, and kinda derpy. It means that she considers you part of her habitat and also that she’s a typical silly baby.

As she gets older she’ll start to learn that holding on is better than falling, but she may always be a bit of a doof and that’s okay, too!

sixpenceee:

Golden or White Zebra

Zoe
is one of the rarest zebras in exsistance. She is what is called a
Golden Zebra, although some refer to her as a ā€œwhiteā€ zebra. Zoe is the
only Golden Zebra known to be in captivity at this time. Zoe was born on
the Island of Molokai, Hawaii in 1998 and shortly after her and her
mother, Oreo, were moved to the Three Ring Ranch, which is an animal
sancturary on the Big Island of Hawaii. Read more here.

sixpenceee:

Friesans
are the closest remaining modern example of the destrier war horses of
the medieval era, being somewhere between Spanish horses and shire
horses in size. Traditionally they are a military breed that have also
been used for dressage, agricultural work, and as carriage horses.
Friesans are known to be extremely friendly, often forming unusually
intense bonds with their owners.

Credit: Sabrina Fotografie

cryptozoologyassociation:

*IMAGE NOT MINE*

TITANOBOA

This snake is said to be the largest snake ever discovered. With a length of up to 25 feet and a weight of around 5 tons. However, natives of the Amazon have supposedly seen the Titanoboa reach lengths of between 50-100 feet.Ā 

Fossils of Titanoboa have been discovered that date back over 58 million years. But some experts believe that the titan survived to this very day, although solid evidence is yet to surface.Ā 

convoluted-moonscape:

ltklowbi:

avinandteagan:

sixpenceee:

These spiders, called mirror or sequined spiders, are all members of several different species of the thwaitesia genus, which features spiders with reflective silvery patches on their abdomen.

The scales look like solid pieces of mirror glued to the spider’s back, but they can actually change size depending on how threatened the spider feels. The reflective scales are composed of reflective guanine, which these and other spiders use to give themselves color. (Source)

I really don’t like spiders, but this one’s pretty at least.

lookin like a church windows ass don’t fool me boo, i know u still demons

@bannableoffense!